Modern Trends
نویسندگان
چکیده
Voluntary sterilization is the most prevalent method of fertility regulation, and its use is widespread in both developed and developing countries. The estimated number of couples controlling their fertility through sterilization has increased dramatically from 15 million in 197Oi to 100 million in 1980.” The country reporting the highest prevalence of use is the United States, where 31.3% of married women of reproductive age are protected by surgical sterilization or by vasectomy of their husbands.3 This high prevalence in the United States has been almost stationary over the past few years. The increasing number of surgical procedures required to maintain this prevalence in a slowly growing population is well within the capabilities of the health service delivery system of the United States. Other developed countries have the capability of achieving a similar prevalence within a period of several years. In the developing world, especially in the most populous countries, the demand for sterilization is steadily rising, the preference being for female sterilization. However, the demand far exceeds the supply of services, which are virtually nonexistent in the rural areas, where most of the women live. This communication examines the benefits of sterilization and projects the potential demand or need for services. The shortcomings of existing sterilization technology is examined, as well as the hopelessness in meeting the potential demand if existing technology is relied upon. Nonsurgical female sterilization via intrauterine administration of quinacrine appears to stand alone in having the potential to meet the projected demand for female sterilization in the 1980s. The reasons for the belief that chemical sterilization will follow the same technology diffusion path (namely, from developing to developed world) as that for surgical sterilization via minilaparotomy technology are also discussed.
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